Pagpapatunay ng pagmamay-ari ng social media account

ni Atty. Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | February 18, 2026

Dear Chief Acosta,

Kamakailan ay may nag-post ng mapanirang pahayag tungkol sa akin gamit ang isang social media account at hindi ko kilala kung sino ang nasa likod nito. Gusto ko sanang magsampa ng kaukulang kaso upang maprotektahan ang aking pangalan at interes laban sa mapanirang post na ito. Ngunit hindi ko alam kung paano mapatutunayan kung sino ang nasa likod nito. Ano ba ang mga maaaring gamitin para mapatunayan na ang aking pinaghihinalaan ang nasa likod ng mapanirang post na ito? — Aryan

---

Dear Aryan,

Sa pagsasampa ng kasong kriminal, hindi lamang ang mga elemento ng krimen ang kailangang patunayan upang makakuha ng paborableng desisyon. Kaalinsabay nito ay dapat din patunayan ang pagkatao ng inaakusahan na gumawa ng krimen. Sa kaso na XXX vs. People of the Philippines (G.R. No. 274842, October 22, 2025, sa panulat ni Kagalang-galang na Kasamang Mahistrado Ramon Paul Hernando), nagsaad ang Korte Suprema ng mga bagay na dapat isaalang-alang upang patunayan ang pag-aari ng isang tao sa isang social media account. Ito ang mga sumusunod:  

“1.  The perpetrator admits ownership of or access to the social media account, or admits authorship of the social media post or private message.

2. The perpetrator is seen accessing or using the social media account, or is seen composing, posting or sending the social media post or private message. 

3. The social media post or private message contains information known only to the perpetrator or a few people, or that only the perpetrator could be expected to say or know. 

4. The perpetrator posts or communicates using the social media account consistent with a unique manner, language pattern, or other distinctive characteristics indicating their authorship of the said post or communication.

5. The records of the 'Internet service provider or telecommunications company, the records of a social media site, geolocation features, the results from an examination of the search history or hard drive of the perpetrator's device, or a social media forensics authorship attribution report show that: (i) the social media account is owned or accessed by the perpetrator; (ii) the social media account is connected to the perpetrator's email address, mobile number, or other social media accounts; or (iii) the social media post or private message originated! from the perpetrator's computer, laptop, mobile phone or similar device, under circumstances in which it is reasonable to believe that only the perpetrator would have had access to such device. In no case, however; should the foregoing records, geolocation features, search history or hard drive examination results, or investigation reports be indispensable in establishing the fact of social media account ownership or access; or the fact of authorship of a social. media post or private message. 

6. The perpetrator acts in such a manner consistent with the post or private message previously or contemporaneously posted or sent through the social media account. 

7. Other pieces of evidence showing that the perpetrator· is the owner of or has access to the social media account, or that the perpetrator is the author of the social media post or private message.” 

Samakatuwid, kailangan mong patunayan ang ugnayan ng taong iyong pinaghihinalaan sa social media account na ginamit upang siraan ka sa pamamagitan ng alinman sa mga nabanggit na pamamaraan. Kung magagawa mo ito, maaaring mahatulan siya ng korte, matapos ang pagdinig at mapatunayan ang mga elemento ng krimeng libelo kaugnay ng kanyang mapanirang post. 

Nawa ay nasagot namin ang iyong mga katanungan. Nais naming ipaalala na ang opinyon na ito ay nakabase sa mga naisalaysay sa iyong liham at sa pagkakaintindi namin dito. Maaaring maiba ang aming opinyon kung mayroong karagdagang impormasyon na ibibigay. Mas mainam kung personal kang sasangguni sa isang abogado.

Maraming salamat sa inyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.