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Epekto ng pagkamatay ng bilanggo

  • Writer: BULGAR
    BULGAR
  • Jul 3
  • 2 min read

ni Atty. Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | July 3, 2025



Magtanong Kay Atty. Persida Acosta

Dear Chief Acosta,


Kung ang isang bilanggo na nahatulan ng korte ay namatay dahil sa mga komplikasyon sa sakit, habang ang kanyang apela sa kaso ay nakabinbin pa, ano ang mangyayari sa kanyang pananagutang kriminal? – Elmer



Dear Elmer, 


Ang sagot sa iyong katanungan ay matatagpuan sa probisyon ng ating batas, ispesipiko sa Artikulo 89 ng Act No. 3815, o mas kilala sa tawag na “Revised Penal Code,” na siyang tumutukoy kung paano nawawala ang pananagutang kriminal: 


 “Art. 89. How criminal liability is totally extinguished. — Criminal liability is totally extinguished:


  1. By the death of the convict, as to the personal penalties and as to pecuniary penalties, liability therefor is extinguished only when the death of the offender occurs before final judgment.

  2. By service of the sentence;

  3. By amnesty, which completely extinguishes the penalty and all its effects;

  4. By absolute pardon;

  5. By prescription of the crime;

  6. By prescription of the penalty;

  7. By the marriage of the offended woman, as provided in Article 344 of this Code.” (Binigyang-diin)


Ayon sa nakasaad na nabanggit na probisyon ng batas, isa sa mga dahilan kung kailan nawawala ang pananagutang kriminal (criminal liability) ay kapag ang isang taong nahatulan (convict) ay namatay bago maging pinal ang hatol sa kaso. Ito ay dahil na rin sa napakahalagang karapatan ng isang tao na ipagpalagay na inosente o walang sala hangga’t hindi napatutunayan ang kanyang pagkakasala sa harap ng isang hukom. Ito ay pinagtibay ng Artikulo III ng ating Saligang Batas:


“SECTION 14. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a criminal offense without due process of law.


(2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be presumed innocent until the contrary is proved, and shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to have compulsory process to secure the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf. However, after arraignment, trial may proceed notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided that he has been duly notified and his failure to appear is unjustifiable.”

  

Samakatuwid, ang pagkamatay ng bilanggo habang nakabinbin ang kanyang apela ay ganap na mag-aalis sa kanyang pananagutang kriminal. 


Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang iyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa mga impormasyon na iyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng iyong salaysay. 


Maraming salamat sa iyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.



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