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Bisa ng deed of donation

  • Writer: BULGAR
    BULGAR
  • Apr 3
  • 3 min read

ni Atty. Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | Apr. 3, 2025



Magtanong Kay Atty. Persida Acosta

Dear Chief Acosta,


Nalaman ni nanay na nailipat ng kanyang kapatid sa pangalan lamang niya ang titulo ng lupa na namana nila mula sa kanilang mga magulang. Ayon kay tita ay ibinigay diumano ito ni nanay sa kanya. May pinirmahan diumano na dokumento si nanay, ngunit hindi niya alam na Deed of Donation pala iyon dahil iba ang sinabi sa kanya. May bisa ba itong Deed of Donation? Cocoy



Dear Cocoy,


Una sa lahat, ang donation ay isang kasunduan sa pagitan ng nagbigay (donor) at binigyan (donee) kung saan ibinibigay ng donor nang walang bayad o kapalit ang kanyang ari-arian o karapatan sa isang ari-arian sa donee na tumatanggap nito. Dahil ito ay sa kasunduan, ayon sa Article 1318 ng ating New Civil Code of the Philippines, kinakailangan ang mga sumusunod: (1) pahintulot ng mga partido (consent of the contracting parties); (2) tumutukoy sa tiyak na bagay/ari-arian (object certain); at (3) dahilan ng obligasyon (cause of the obligation):


Sa kasong Lauro Cardinez, et. al. vs. Spouses Prudencio and Cresencia Cardinez, G.R. No. 213001, ika-04 ng Agosto 2021, sa panulat ni Hon. Associate Justice Ramon Paul L. Hernando, pinasiyahan ng ating Korte Suprema na walang bisa ang Deed of Donation kung walang consent mula sa donor na ibigay o i-donate ang kanyang pag-aari sa ibang tao:


Consent is absent in the instant case. Consent, to be valid, must have the following requisites: (1) intelligent or with an exact notion of the matter to which it refers; (2) free; and (3) spontaneous. The parties’ intention should be clear; otherwise, the donation is rendered void in the absence thereof or voidable if there exists a vice of consent. xxx


The absence of consent, and not just a mere vitiation thereof, on the part of respondents to donate their land has been satisfactorily established.


Prudencio categorically and firmly stated that he did not know that the document which Valentin asked him to sign was a Deed of Donation. In fact, Prudencio did not read the document before affixing his signature because he trusted his brother that it was for the partition of their inherited land and the cancellation of its title. Valentin neither read the contents of the document to respondents nor gave them a copy thereof. The notary public likewise did not explain its contents to respondents and only asked them to affix their signatures therein.


The Court also finds it very perplexing why respondents would donate their portion of the land which Prudencio inherited from his mother considering that Prudencio and Cresencia have children of their own.


It is therefore clear that respondents did not donate their land to petitioners. They never understood the full import of the document because it was neither shown to them nor read by either Valenin or the notary public. Considering that they did not give their consent at all to the Deed of Donation, it is therefore null and void.”


Ipinaliwanag dito ng ating Korte Suprema na kinakailangan na ang consent ay: (1) intelihente o may eksaktong paniwala sa bagay na tinutukoy nito; (2) malayang ibinigay; at (3) kusang-loob itong ibinigay. Dapat malinaw ang intensyon ng mga partido. Kung hindi, ang donasyon ay walang bisa dahil sa kawalan ng consent.


Sa salaysay mo, kung walang intensyon ang iyong nanay na ibigay ang kanyang pag-aari sa kanyang kapatid, at sa gayon, hindi siya nagbigay ng consent para rito, ang Deed of Donation sa pagitan nila ay walang bisa. Kailangan lamang maipakita na talagang hindi alam o naiintindihan ng iyong nanay ang pinirmahan niyang dokumento. 


Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang iyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa mga impormasyon na iyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng iyong salaysay. 


Maraming salamat sa iyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.


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