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Protektado ba ang trade name kahit walang trademark registration

Writer: BULGAR
BULGAR
5 hours ago
3 min read

ni PAO Chief Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | October 10, 2026



Magtanong Kay Atty. Persida Acosta


Dear Chief Acosta,


Nais ko lamang pong malaman kung ang pangalang ginagamit ng isang negosyo bilang trade name ay protektado pa rin ng batas kahit hindi ito nakarehistro bilang trademark. Maaari po ba itong gamitin at iparehistro bilang trademark ng ibang negosyo? — Ser Clifford





Dear Ser Clifford, 


Ang sagot sa iyong katanungan ay matatagpuan sa Republic Act (R.A.) No. 8293, o ang Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, at sa kaugnay na desisyon ng Korte Suprema. Para sa iyong kaalaman, nakasaad sa Section 165.2 ng nasabing batas:


“(a) Notwithstanding any laws or regulations providing for any obligation to register trade names, such names shall be protected, even prior to or without registration, against any unlawful act committed by third parties.


(b) In particular, any subsequent use of the trade name by a third party, whether as a trade name or a mark or collective mark, or any such use of a similar trade name or mark, likely to mislead the public, shall be deemed unlawful.” 


Malinaw sa nasabing probisyon na maaaring protektahan ang isang trade name kahit bago pa ito iparehistro o kahit hindi ito nairehistro. Labag din sa batas ang kasunod na paggamit ng ibang tao sa naturang trade name, kahalintulad na trade name o mark, at kung ito ay malamang nanlilinlang sa publiko.


Kaugnay nito, ang kaso ng Campbridge Waterproofing Systems, Inc., represented by Campbridge Paints, Inc. vs. Greenseal Products (M) Sdn. Bhd. and Greenseal Philippines Corporation, G.R. No. 269302, January 22, 2025, sa panulat ni Honorable Associate Justice Jhosep Y. Lopez, ay makakapagbigay-linaw sa usapin ng trade name at trademark. Sa usapin ng trademark, muling kinilala ng Korte ang patakarang inilatag sa Zuneca Pharmaceutical vs. Natrapharm, Inc. na:


“At present, as expressed in the language of the provisions of the IP Code, prior use no longer determines the acquisition of ownership of a mark in light of the adoption of the rule that ownership of a mark is acquired through registration made validly in accordance with the provisions of the IP Code.” 


Gayunman, hindi nangangahulugan na maaaring gamitin ang trademark registration upang angkinin ang isang trade name na hiwalay na pinoprotektahan ng batas. Dagdag ng Korte Suprema:


“[T]his Court reiterated that ‘under Philippine law, a trade name of a national of a State that is a party to the Paris Convention, whether or not the trade name forms part of a trademark, is protected “without the obligation of filing or registration.”’


Here, respondent's trade name was used in the Philippines since 2004 and registered in the Philippines with the SEC since 2006, before petitioner applied for trademark registration in 2009. As such, petitioner's registration of respondent's trade name as a trademark is contrary to law and is a ground for cancellation of its registration.” 


Samakatuwid, bagama't ang pag-aari ng isang trademark ay bilang pangkalahatang tuntunin, nakukuha sa pamamagitan ng wastong pagpaparehistro, hiwalay namang pinoprotektahan ng Section 165 ng Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines ang isang trade name kahit bago o walang trademark registration. Kung ang kasunod na paggamit ng kapareho o kahalintulad na trade name bilang trademark ay maaaring makalito o makapanlinlang sa publiko, maaari itong ituring na labag sa batas at maging batayan ng kanselasyon ng rehistro ng isang trademark.


Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang iyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa mga impormasyon na iyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng iyong salaysay.


Maraming salamat sa iyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.




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