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Paglilinaw tungkol sa Accion Pauliana

  • Writer: BULGAR
    BULGAR
  • Jul 6, 2021
  • 2 min read

ni Atty. Persida Rueda-Acosta - @Magtanong Kay Attorney | July 06, 2021



Dear Chief Acosta,

Umutang sa akin ang aking dating kapitbahay. Usapan naming babayaran niya ito ng installment sa loob ng limang taon. Nalaman ko na lamang na inilipat niya sa pamamagitan ng Deed of Donation ang lahat ng kanyang ari-arian para takasan ang pagkakautang nang pumunta ako kasama ang sheriff sa Register of Deeds upang i-attach ang kanyang mga ari-arian. Ngayon ay tinatakot niya ako na kahit magsampa ako ng Accion Pauliana, madi-dismiss lang diumano ito dahil lagpas apat na taon na ang lumipas mula nang mairehistro ang donasyon sa Register of Deeds. Tama ba siya? – Limmuel


Dear Limmuel,

Para sa inyong kaalaman, ayon sa Korte Suprema sa kasong Khe Hong Cheng vs. Court of Appeals (G.R. No. 144169, March 28, 2001, Ponente: Honorable former Associate Justice Santiago M. Kapunan), ang Accion Pauliana ay remedy of last resort o maaari lamang itong gamiting remedyo kung wala nang ibang paraan upang singilin ang nagkakautang sa inyo. Partikular na nakasaad sa nasabing kaso ang sumusunod:


“It is thus apparent that an action to rescind or an accion pauliana must be of last resort, availed of only after all other legal remedies have been exhausted and have been proven futile. For an accion pauliana to accrue, the following requisites must concur:


1) That the plaintiff asking for rescission has a credit prior to, the alienation, although demandable later; 2) That the debtor has made a subsequent contract conveying a patrimonial benefit to a third person; 3) That the creditor has no other legal remedy to satisfy his claim, but would benefit by rescission of the conveyance to the third person; 4) That the act being impugned is fraudulent; 5) That the third person who received the property conveyed, if by onerous title, has been an accomplice in the fraud.”


Gayundin, binigyang-diin ng Korte Suprema sa nabanggit na kaso na:


“We quote with approval the following disquisition of the CA on the matter: xxx


To count the four year prescriptive period to rescind an allegedly fraudulent contract from the date of registration of the conveyance with the Register of Deeds, as alleged by the petitioners, would run counter to Article 1383 of the Civil Code as well as settled jurisprudence. It would likewise violate the third requisite to file an action for rescission of an allegedly fraudulent conveyance of property, i.e., the creditor has no other legal remedy to satisfy his claim.”


Samakatwid, sang-ayon sa nabanggit, maaari lamang ang Accion Pauliana kung kayo ay wala nang ibang remedyo upang singilin ang inyong kapitbahay. Gayundin, ang preskripsiyon sa nasabing akyon ay apat na taon na magsisimula sa inyong pagkadiskubre ng mapanlinlang na paglipat ng ari-arian upang iwasan ang pagbabayad ng pagkakautang.


Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang inyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa impormasyon na inyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng inyong salaysay.


Maraming salamat sa inyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.

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