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Bentahan sa ilalim ng SPA matapos pumanaw ang principal

  • Writer: BULGAR
    BULGAR
  • 1 day ago
  • 2 min read

ni PAO Chief Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | August 20, 2026



Magtanong Kay Atty. Persida Acosta


Dear Chief Acosta,


Itinalaga ako ng kaibigan ko bilang kanyang ahente sa pamamagitan ng isang special power of attorney (SPA) na nagpapahintulot sa aking ibenta ang kanyang lupa. Pagkalipas ng isang linggo, naibenta ko ang lote. Subalit, hindi ko alam na biglang pumanaw ang kaibigan ko dalawang araw bago ang bentahan. May bisa ba ang bentahan kung isasaalang-alang na pumanaw ang kaibigan ko bago pa man ito maganap? — Joey Boy





Dear Joey Boy,


Ayon sa Articles 1868 at 1919 ng New Civil Code, “[b]y the contract of agency, a person binds himself to render some service or to do something in representation or on behalf of another, with the consent or authority of the latter and as a general rule, the death of the principal extinguishes the contract of agency. Nevertheless, the transactions made by an agent after the death of the principal may be considered valid subject to certain conditions set forth in Article 1931 of the New Civil Code.”


Ayon naman sa Article 1931 ng parehong batas, “[a]nything done by the agent, without knowledge of the death of the principal or of any other cause which extinguishes the agency, is valid and shall be fully effective with respect to third persons who may have contracted with him in good faith.”


Ibig sabihin, bagama’t karaniwang nagwawakas ang kapangyarihan ng isang ahente kapag pumanaw na ang kanyang principal, maaaring manatiling may bisa at epektibo ang transaksyong ginawa ng ahente kung wala siyang kaalaman sa pagpanaw ng kanyang principal, basta't ang ikatlong taong nakipagtransaksyon sa kanya ay nakipagkasundo nang may good faith.


Tinalakay ng Korte Suprema ang probisyon ng Article 1931 sa isa sa mga nadesisyunan nitong kaso, kung saan sinabi na: “Under this provision, an act done by the agent after the death of his principal is valid and effective only under two conditions, viz: (1) that the agent acted without knowledge of the death of the principal and (2) that the third person who contracted with the agent himself acted in good faith. Good faith here means that the third person was not aware of the death of the principal at the time he contracted with said agent. These two requisites must concur the absence of one will render the act of the agent invalid and unenforceable.” (Ramon Rallos vs. Felix GoChan, G.R. No. L-24332 January 31, 1978, Honorable Associate Justice Cecilia Muñoz-Palma)


Samakatuwid, maaaring ituring na may bisa ang pagbebenta mo ng lupa ng iyong kaibigan kahit pa naganap ito matapos siyang pumanaw, basta't kumilos ka nang walang kaalaman sa kanyang pagkamatay at ang bumili ay maituturing na in good faith. Ibig sabihin nito, wala rin dapat kaalaman ang bumili sa pagpanaw ng iyong kaibigan sa oras ng bentahan.


Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang iyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa mga impormasyon na iyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng iyong salaysay.


Maraming salamat sa iyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.


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