ni Atty. Persida Rueda-Acosta @Magtanong Kay Attorney | May 4, 2024
Dear Chief Acosta,
Maaari bang ibenta ang lupang nakuha sa ilalim ng CARP? — Becky
Dear Becky,
Para sa iyong kaalaman, ang pangunahing layunin ng Republic Act (R.A.) No. 6657, o kilala bilang “Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988”, na inamyendahan ng Republic Act (R.A.) No. 9700, ay tiyakin ang patuloy na pagmamay-ari, pagtatanim at pagtatamasa ng magsasaka-benepisyaryo ng lupang kanyang binubungkal. Kung hindi, babalik tayo sa lumang sistemang pyudal, kung saan ang mga may-ari ng lupain ay muling makakakuha ng malalawak na lupain at sa gayon ay mababalewala ang programa ng gobyerno na palayain ang mga nangungupahan-magsasaka mula sa pagkaalipin sa lupa.
Kaugnay nito, sa kasong Julian S. Lebrudo and Reynaldo L. Lebrudo vs. Remedios Loyola, G.R. No. 181370, 09 Marso 2011, sa panulat ni Kagalang-galang na Kasamang Mahistrado Antonio T. Carpio, inihayag ng ating Korte Suprema na:
“A Certificate of Land Ownership or CLOA is a document evidencing ownership of the land granted or awarded to the beneficiary by DAR, and contains the restrictions and conditions provided for in RA 6657 and other applicable laws. Section 27 of RA 6657, as amended by RA 9700, which provides for the transferability of awarded lands, states:
SEC. 27. Transferability of Awarded Lands. – Lands acquired by beneficiaries under this ACT may not be sold, transferred or conveyed except through hereditary succession, or to the government, or to the LBP, or to other qualified beneficiaries for a period of ten (10) years: Provided, however, That the children or the spouse of the transferor shall have a right to repurchase the land from the government or LBP within a period of two (2) years. Due notice of the availability of the land shall be given by the LBP to the Barangay Agrarian Reform Committee (BARC) of the barangay where the land is situated. The Provincial Agrarian Coordinating Committee (PARCCOM), as herein provided, shall, in turn, be given due notice thereof by the BARC.
The title of the land awarded under the agrarian reform must indicate that it is an emancipation patent or a certificate of land ownership award and the subsequent transfer title must also indicate that it is an emancipation patent or a certificate of land ownership award.
If the land has not yet been fully paid by the beneficiary, the rights to the land may be transferred or conveyed, with prior approval of the DAR, to any heir of the beneficiary or to any other beneficiary who, as a condition for such transfer or conveyance, shall cultivate the land himself. Failing compliance herewith, the land shall be transferred to the LBP which shall give due notice of the availability of the land in the manner specified in the immediately preceding paragraph. x x x
It is clear from the provision that lands awarded to beneficiaries under the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) may not be sold, transferred or conveyed for a period of 10 years. The law enumerated four exceptions: (1) through hereditary succession; (2) to the government; (3) to the Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP); or (4) to other qualified beneficiaries. In short, during the prohibitory 10-year period, any sale, transfer or conveyance of land reform rights is void, except as allowed by law, in order to prevent a circumvention of agrarian reform laws. x x x
We see no reason to disturb the findings of the CA. The main purpose of the agrarian reform law is to ensure the farmer-beneficiary’s continued possession, cultivation and enjoyment of the land he tills. To do otherwise is to revert back to the old feudal system whereby the landowners reacquired vast tracts of land and thus circumvent the government’s program of freeing the tenant-farmers from the bondage of the soil.”
Malinaw sa nabanggit na desisyon ng Korte Suprema na ang mga lupang iginawad sa mga benepisyaryo sa ilalim ng Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) ay hindi maaaring ibenta o ilipat, maliban sa mga sumusunod: (1) sa pamamagitan ng mana; (2) sa pamahalaan; (3) sa Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP); o (4) sa iba pang mga kuwalipikadong benepisyaryo sa loob ng 10 taon. Sa madaling sabi, sa panahon ng ipinagbabawal na 10 taong panahon, ang anumang pagbebenta o paglilipat ng mga karapatan kaugnay sa reporma sa lupa ay walang bisa, maliban kung pinapayagan ng batas. Ito ay upang maiwasan ang pag-iwas o pagbali sa mga batas sa repormang agraryo.
Sana ay nabigyan namin ng linaw ang iyong katanungan. Ang payong aming ibinigay ay base lamang sa mga impormasyon na iyong inilahad at maaaring magbago kung mababawasan o madaragdagan ang mga detalye ng iyong salaysay.
Maraming salamat sa iyong patuloy na pagtitiwala.