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Bus operator, damay sa driver na nakasagasa ng pasahero, puwedeng kasuhan

Persida Acosta
Jan 13, 2020
2 min read

Dear Chief Acosta, Nasagasaan ako ng bus habang naghihintay ng masasakyan ilang buwan na ang nakararaan. Sa kabutihang palad, hindi matindi ang tinamo kong pinsala pero kinasuhan ko pa rin ang driver na nakasagasa sa akin. Sa kabila nito, nais ko ring kasuhan ang bus operator sapagkat naniniwala akong naging pabaya sila sa pagpili ng kanilang drivers. Maaari ko ba itong gawin? — Charlene

Dear Charlene, Para sa inyong kaalaman, ang Article 2180 ng Civil Code of the Philippines ay ang batas na naaangkop sa inyong sitwasyon. Ayon sa nasabing probisyon:

“Art. 2180. The obligation imposed by Article 2176 is demandable not only for one’s own acts or omissions, but also for those of persons for whom one is responsible.

x x x

Employers shall be liable for the damages caused by their employees and household helpers acting within the scope of their assigned tasks, even though the former are not engaged in any business or industry.

x x x

The responsibility treated in this article shall cease when the persons herein mentioned prove that they observed all the diligence of a good father of a family to prevent damage.” (Binigyang-diin)

Samakatwid, maaari ninyong sampahan ng kaso ang bus operator ng bus driver na nakasagasa sa inyo. Ito ay maaaring gawin sapagkat ang employer ay mayroong tinatawag na vicarious liability kapag ang kanyang mga empleyado ay mapatunayang may nagawang kamalian na maituturing na quasi-delict.

Kaugnay nito, sa desisyon ng Korte Suprema sa Filcar Transport Services vs. Jose A. Espinas (G.R. No. 174156, Hunyo 20, 2012, Ponente: dating kasamang Mahistrado Arturo D. Brion), sinabi na:

“Under Article 2176, in relation with Article 2180, of the Civil Code, an action predicated on an employee’s act or omission may be instituted against the employer who is held liable for the negligent act or omission committed by his employee.

Although the employer is not the actual tortfeasor, the law makes him vicariously liable on the basis of the civil law principle of pater familias for failure to exercise due care and vigilance over the acts of one’s subordinates to prevent damage to another. In the last paragraph of Article 2180 of the Civil Code, the employer may invoke the defense that he observed all the diligence of a good father of a family to prevent damage.”

Ibig sabihin, ang employer ay pinananagot ng batas sa quasi-delict ng kanyang empleyado sapagkat ipinapalagay na siya ay nagkulang sa angkop na pangangalaga at pagbabantay sa kanya. Sa kabila nito, bago siya panagutin ng batas sa quasi-delict na nagawa ng kanyang empleyado, kinakailangan munang mapang may sala ang nasabing empleyado.

Nawa ay nasagot namin ang inyong katanungan. Nais naming ipaalala sa inyo na ang opinyong ito ay nakabase sa inyong mga naisalaysay sa inyong liham at sa pagkakaintindi namin dito. Maaaring maiba ang opinyon kung mayroong karagdagang impormasyong ibibigay. Mas mainam kung personal kayong sasangguni sa abogado.

Maraming salamat sa patuloy ninyong pagtitiwala.

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